Glossary
IT Glossary
Networking, cameras, security, servers and automation — explained in plain language with business examples.
71 termsA
- NetworkingAccess PointA device that turns a wired network into Wi-Fi and covers part of a space with wireless access.
- Video surveillanceAnalog cameraA camera that sends its signal over coaxial cable to a DVR recorder.
- DevOps & automationAPIA “contract” between applications that lets one system request data from, or send commands to, another.
B
C
- Video surveillanceCamera resolution (2MP, 4MP, 4K)The number of pixels in the image — how much detail the camera captures.
- DevOps & automationCI/CDAutomatically testing, building and deploying code after every change — without manual steps.
- Servers & backupCloudServers, storage and applications running in a provider’s data center and accessed over the internet.
- DevOps & automationCRMA system for managing customer relationships: contacts, requests, sales stages and history.
- DevOps & automationCronRunning tasks automatically on a schedule — e.g. every night, every hour or every Monday.
D
- NetworkingDHCPA service that automatically gives devices on the network an IP address.
- NetworkingDNSThe internet’s “phone book” — it translates a site name (e.g. icomp.ge) into an IP address.
- DevOps & automationDockerTechnology that packages an application with everything it needs into a “container”, so it runs the same everywhere.
- DevOps & automationDocker ComposeStarting several connected containers, described in one file, with a single command.
- Video surveillanceDVR (Digital Video Recorder)A recorder for analog cameras that converts the signal to digital and stores it on disk.
E
- CybersecurityEDR (Endpoint Detection and Response)Protection for computers and servers that spots suspicious behaviour as well as known viruses.
- CybersecurityEncryptionTransforming information so only someone with the key can read it.
- DevOps & automationERPA business management system: stock, purchasing, sales and finance — in one database.
F
G
H
I
- Servers & backupImmutable backupA backup copy that can’t be changed or deleted before a set date — not even by ransomware.
- DevOps & automationIntegrationConnecting two or more applications so they exchange data automatically.
- NetworkingIP AddressA unique number for each device on a network that lets devices find each other.
- Video surveillanceIP cameraA video camera that sends digital video over a computer network.
- Video surveillanceIR night visionInfrared illumination that lets a camera see in the dark.
M
- CybersecurityMFA (Multi-factor authentication)Signing in with a password plus a second confirmation — such as a code from your phone.
- Servers & backupMicrosoft 365Microsoft’s suite of cloud services: business email, Word/Excel, OneDrive, SharePoint and Teams.
- Servers & backupMonitoringContinuous checks of servers, network and services — with alerts before users notice a problem.
- Video surveillanceMotion detectionA feature that starts recording or sends an alert when something moves in the frame.
N
- DevOps & automationn8nA visual automation platform that connects different applications through workflows.
- Servers & backupNASA file storage device connected to the network — for shared folders and backups.
- Video surveillanceNVR (Network Video Recorder)A device that receives video from IP cameras over the network and stores it on disk.
P
- CybersecurityPassword managerAn app that stores all your passwords encrypted and creates a strong, unique password for every account.
- NetworkingPatch PanelA panel in the network cabinet where every office network cable terminates, labelled and organised.
- CybersecurityPhishingA fraudulent message that tries to trick you into giving up a password or money, or opening malware.
- NetworkingPoEPower over Ethernet — one network cable delivers both data and electrical power to a device.
- CybersecurityPrinciple of least privilegeEvery employee and program gets only the access they actually need to do their job.
- Video surveillancePTZ cameraA camera that can be remotely rotated, tilted and optically zoomed.
R
- NetworkingRack CabinetA dedicated cabinet that houses switches, patch panels, the router, recorder, server and UPS in one place.
- Servers & backupRAIDCombining several disks so that one failed disk doesn’t mean lost data.
- CybersecurityRansomwareMalware that encrypts your files and demands a ransom to restore them.
- Video surveillanceRecording retentionHow many days of footage the recorder keeps before overwriting old video with new.
- Video surveillanceRemote viewingWatching cameras from a phone or computer — from anywhere outside the site.
- DevOps & automationReverse proxyA server that receives requests from the internet and forwards them to the right application.
- NetworkingRoaming (Seamless Roaming)A phone or laptop automatically and unnoticeably switching from one Wi-Fi access point to the nearest one.
- NetworkingRouterA device that connects the office network to the internet or other networks and sends traffic to the right destination.
- Servers & backupRPO and RTORPO — how much data you can afford to lose; RTO — how quickly a system must be back.
S
- CybersecuritySecurity awareness trainingRegularly teaching staff to spot phishing and respond correctly to an incident.
- Servers & backupServerA computer that runs continuously and provides services to others — files, databases, applications or email.
- CybersecuritySocial engineeringExploiting someone's trust or fear so they hand over information, access or money themselves.
- CybersecuritySoftware updates (Patch management)Regularly updating operating systems, apps and devices to fix known vulnerabilities.
- CybersecuritySpam filterEmail protection that filters out spam, phishing and malicious attachments.
- NetworkingSSIDThe Wi-Fi network name you see in the list of available networks on a phone or laptop.
- DevOps & automationSSL certificateA certificate that lets a website run over HTTPS, on an encrypted connection.
- NetworkingStructured Cabling (SCS)Standardised, labelled and documented installation of network cables in a building.
- NetworkingSwitchA network device that computers, cameras, printers and access points plug into by cable.
V
- Servers & backupVirtualizationRunning several independent “virtual” servers on one physical server.
- NetworkingVLANA virtual LAN — a logical split of one physical network into separate, isolated parts.
- NetworkingVPNAn encrypted “tunnel” over the internet that securely connects a remote employee or branch to the office network.
W
- Video surveillanceWDR (Wide Dynamic Range)A feature that keeps both bright and dark areas of the image visible at the same time.
- DevOps & automationWebhookAn automatic message one system sends to another the moment an event happens.
- NetworkingWi-Fi 6A Wi-Fi standard that is especially good at handling many devices in one area.
- DevOps & automationWorkflow automationRunning repetitive manual tasks automatically — “when X happens, do Y”.
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